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Page index: Tips | Anatomy| Anterior fat pad | Posterior fat pad sign |
Tips:
1. Assess anterior fat pad
2. Assess posterior fat pad
Normal: Frontal
Normal: Frontal
1. Humerus. 2. Lateral epicondyle. 3. Capitulum. 4. Humero-radial joint. 5. Radial head. 6. Radial neck. 7. Radius (Shaft). 8. Ulna (Shaft). 9. Radial tuberosity. 10. Proximal radio-ulnar joint. 11. Trochlea of humerus. 12. Olecranon. 13. Medial epicondyle. 14. Olecranon fossa. 15. Trochlear notch. 16. Intercondylar fossa. 17. Coronoid process. 18. Ulnar tuberosity.
Normal: Lateral
Normal: Lateral
1. Humerus. 2. Lateral epicondyle. 3. Capitulum. 4. Humero-radial joint. 5. Radial head. 6. Radial neck. 7. Radius (Shaft). 8. Ulna (Shaft). 9. Radial tuberosity. 10. Proximal radio-ulnar joint. 11. Trochlea of humerus. 12. Olecranon. 13. Medial epicondyle. 14. Olecranon fossa. 15. Trochlear notch. 16. Intercondylar fossa. 17. Coronoid process. 18. Ulnar tuberosity.
Anterior fat pad / Sail sign
Anterior fat pad / Sail sign
The sail sign on an elbow radiograph, also known as the anterior fat pad sign, describes the elevation of the anterior fat pad to create a silhouette similar to a billowing spinnaker sail from a boat. It indicates the presence of an elbow joint effusion.
In the context of acute trauma, where a fat pad is raised and no fracture is demonstrated, an occult fracture should be suspected.
Posterior fat pad sign
Posterior fat pad sign
The posterior fat pad sign is the visualization of a lucent crescent of fat located in the olecranon fossa on a true lateral view. Normally, the posterior fat pad will not be seen in this view
In the setting of trauma, it suggests an occult non-displaced fracture. In children, it most often indicates a supracondylar fracture, other common fractures are those of the proximal ulna, lateral condyle, and radial neck 2. In adults, look for a radial head fracture.
Elbow radiograph (an approach)
Elbow radiograph (an approach)
Pediatric elbow radiograph
Pediatric elbow radiograph
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